The main measures and methods for maintaining the aging of lithium battery packs include avoiding overcharging and overdischarging, controlling the intensity of charging and discharging, conducting regular equalization charging, doing a good job in temperature management, and carrying out regular inspections and maintenance. The following is a detailed introduction:

Avoid overcharging and overdischarging: Keep the battery power within a reasonable range, such as 20% to 90%, and avoid long-term full charging (100%) or deep discharging (<10%). Lithium iron phosphate batteries can be relaxed to 10% - 90%. If the battery power is exhausted due to special circumstances, it must be recharged to over 20% within 24 hours to prevent battery passivation.

Control the charging and discharging intensity: The charging and discharging current should not exceed 0.5C of the battery's nominal capacity. For example, for a 100Ah battery, the current should be ≤50A. At the same time, sudden increases in load should be avoided. High-power equipment (such as air conditioners) should be started in batches to prevent sudden current surges.

Regular equalization charging: Charge the battery pack to 100% every three months to activate the equalization function, prevent excessive voltage differences among individual cells, and ensure that the voltage and capacity of each cell in the battery pack are balanced.

Good temperature management:

Avoid high temperatures: Lithium battery packs should be installed in well-ventilated and cool places, such as basements, to prevent the surface temperature of the batteries from exceeding 50℃. High temperatures can accelerate the speed of internal reactions in batteries, leading to a reduction in battery capacity and a decline in safety.

Prevent low temperatures: At low temperatures, the electrochemical reaction rate slows down, and the polarization voltage increases during the discharge process. At this time, lithium is prone to precipitate at the negative terminal, posing a threat to the separator.

Regular inspection and maintenance:

Check the BMS function: Ensure that the battery management system (BMS) has single-cell voltage monitoring (automatic alarm when deviation exceeds 0.1V), temperature stratified protection (monitoring of three temperature zones: casing, cell, and environment), and hardware-level shutdown function for overcharging and overdischarging.

Visual inspection: Regularly check the appearance of the battery pack for any abnormal conditions such as bulges or leakage. If a battery bulges, it is usually because it has not been used for a long time or has been over-discharged, causing chemical reactions inside the battery and the decomposition of the electrolyte to produce gas. At this point, it is best not to use the battery anymore. If there is a leakage, there will be a damp, pungent and sour smell of electrolyte and metal corrosion marks around the battery. Such a battery is also not recommended for use.

Performance testing: Through charge and discharge tests, check whether the capacity, internal resistance and other performance parameters of the battery pack have decreased. If the capacity of the battery pack decreases, it will be clearly felt that the battery is not durable when using electronic devices. The increase in internal resistance can be judged by the temperature of the battery during charging and discharging. If the battery gets extremely hot during charging and discharging, it is generally caused by the increase in internal resistance.